As part of the C.W. Bill Young Cell Transplantation Program (Program), contractors must have an emergency response process. Additionally, the Program has created a specialized group, the Radiation Injury Treatment Network® (RITN). The RITN was developed to respond to a potential disaster resulting in mass casualties with marrow toxic injuries from ionizing radiation exposure or other hazardous material (such as those caused by sulfur mustard). The marrow creates new blood-forming cells each and every day. If the marrow is injured and cannot do this, a person may need a bone marrow or umbilical cord blood transplant.
The RITN is comprised of transplant centers, donor centers, and cord blood banks spread throughout the United States. The RITN:
- Develops treatment guidelines
- Educates health care professionals
- Assists participating centers in developing response plans
- Trains participating centers
- Strives to improve center readiness
After a marrow toxic incident resulting in mass casualties, RITN centers may be asked to:
- Accept patient transfers to their institutions
- Provide treatment expertise to practitioners caring for victims at other centers
- Travel to other centers to provide medical expertise
- Provide data on patients treated at their centers
RITN Training
The RITN has identified and provided training information to its network of transplant centers, donor centers, and cord blood banks that have agreed to be part of the RITN. All other Program centers and banks are informed about the RITN and may be asked to help during an emergency that exceeds the response capabilities of the RITN.
Each facility incorporates the RITN Acute Radiation Syndrome treatment guidelines as part of its treatment procedures. Annually, each RITN center participates in a situational tabletop exercise (a scenario-based discussion of the response process) to assess and improve plans, procedures, and staff response.
RITN Center Locations
Centers are dispersed throughout the United States; some are pediatric treatment centers.
How RITN was Developed
The RITN was developed through the cooperative efforts of the National Marrow Donor Program® (NMDP) and the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (ASBMT). The NMDP and ASBMT collaborated with:
- Department of Defense, Office of Naval Research
- Health Resources and Services Administration
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research®
- Comprehensive Cancer Centers designated by the National Cancer Institute
- National Library of Medicine-Radiation Event Medical Management
- U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration, Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site
- Office of Preparedness and Emergency Operations, Office of Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- AABB (formerly the American Association of Blood Banks) Interorganizational Task Force on Domestic Disasters and Acts of Terrorism
- World Health Organization/Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network
- The European Group for Blood & Marrow Transplantation Nuclear Accident Sub-Committee
- Physicians at the forefront of bone marrow and cord blood transplantation
